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sponge n 1: a porous mass of interlacing fibers the forms the internal skeleton of various marine animals and usable to absorb water or any porous rubber or cellulose product similarly used 2: someone able to acquire new knowledge and skills rapidly and easily; "she soaks up foreign languages like a sponge" syn quick study 3: a follower who hangs around a host (without benefit to the host) in hope of gain or advantage syn leech, parasite, sponger 4: primitive multicellular marine animal whose porous body is supported by a fibrous skeletal framework; usually occurs in sessile colonies syn poriferan, parazoan v 1: wipe with a sponge, so as to clean or moisten 2: ask for and get free; be a parasite syn mooch, bum, cadge, grub 3: erase with a sponge; as of words on a blackboard 4: soak up with a sponge 5: gather sponges, in the ocean Source: WordNet. Princeton University Sponge a soft, porous marine substance. Sponges were for a long time supposed to be plants, but are now considered by the best naturalists to belong to the animal kingdom. Sponge is mentioned only in the New Testament. (Matthew 27:48; Mark 15:36; John 19:29) The commercial value of the sponge was known from very early times; and although there appears to be no notice of it in the Old Testament, yet it is probable that it was used by the ancient Hebrews, who could readily have obtained it good from the Mediterranean, where it was principally found. Source: Smith's Bible Dictionary, 1884
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Evolution of collagens - Exposito - 2002 - The Anatomical Record - Wiley Online Library http://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2Far.10162 In situ feeding and metabolism of glass sponges (Hexactinellida, Porifera) studied in a deep temperate fjord with a remotely operated submersible http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=18876170 ScienceDirect - Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology : Light inside sponges http://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jembe.2008.06.036 Oceans past Rarely has humanity's underestimation of the impacts of its activities been so starkly demonstrated as in the marine environment. For centuries the seas appeared to offer limitless supplies of food and other resources, their waters a cornucopia never to be exhausted. In more recent times the extreme exploitation and subsequent collapse of cod populations of the Grand Banks off Newfoundland and tumbling numbers of North Atlantic right whales are well-known examples highlighting the fallaciousness of this view. Yet all too often the lessons from our historical interactions with marine animals are little known, let alone learned. Based on research for the History of Marine Animal Populations project, Oceans Past is an accessible yet detailed examination of the complex relationship our forebears had with the sea and the animals that inhabit it. Adopting a multidisciplinary approach, it presents eleven studies ranging from fisheries to invasive species and from offshore technology to the study of marine environmental history itself, bringing together the perspectives of historians and marine scientists to enhance understanding of ocean management past, present and future. In addition to providing essential context to the debate around the impact of human activity on natural resources, the book also highlights the influence that changes in marine ecosystems have upon the politics, welfare and culture of human societies. http://books.google.com/?id=cGEeEfFegvEC&pg=PA26&dq=sponge+fishingPennak's freshwater invertebrates of the United States Need-to-know information on the classification and identification of aquatic invertebrates This Fourth Edition of the standard reference used by generations of professionals and students is the source for authoritative information on the natural history, ecology, and taxonomy of free-living American freshwater invertebrates. Completely revised and updated, this professional field guide features a wealth of new knowledge on invertebrate animal phyla covered in the previous edition as well as fully modified sections on the preparation of materials. Other important features of Pennak's Freshwater Invertebrates of the United States, Fourth Edition include: * Current taxonomical arrangements of all freshwater invertebrate animals, excluding insects * Improved graphical treatments and keys to identification, several provided by specialists * Photographs and color plates to aid identification * More than 300 line drawings, many new to this edition * Taxonomic keys carried uniformly to genus level in all but two phyla, with frequent references to species Pennak's Freshwater Invertebrates of the United States, Fourth Edition is an indispensable resource for biologists, ecologists, graduate students, and anyone who needs to acquire the thorough knowledge of aquatic invertebrates that is essential to understanding the community structure of freshwater environments. http://books.google.com/?id=GqIctb8IqPoC&pg=PA48&lpg=PA48&dq=sponge+gemmuleCleavage A medical sociologist who investigates how the social construction of health and illness affects health policy, Jacobson traces the 100-year history of breast implants and the debates surrounding their use. She examines how the use of artificial materials for breast surgery slowly gained widespread acceptance, the evolution of the surgical procedures, how cosmetic breast surgery came to be seen as commonplace and normal, and shifts in the meaning of the breast itself. http://books.google.com/?id=3ZIw_3Px4AEC&pg=PA62&dq=sponge+syntheticDeep-sea biology
This timely volume provides a comprehensive account of the natural history of the organisms associated with the deep-sea floor and examines their relationship with this inhospitable environment--perhaps the most remote and least accessible location on the planet. The authors begin by describing the physical and chemical nature of the deep-sea floor and the methods used to collect and study its fauna. Then they discuss the ecology of the deep sea by exploring spatial patterns, diversity, biomass, vertical zonation, and large-scale distribution of organisms. Subsequent chapters review current knowledge of feeding, respiration, reproduction, and growth processes in these communities. The unique fauna of hypothermal vents and seeps are considered separately. Finally, there is a pertinent discussion of human exploitation of deep-sea resources and potential use of this environment for waste disposal. http://books.google.com/?id=kHZO5igKhsAC&dq=sponge+porifera+geographical+distribution+temperature 28918
Design*Sponge at Home by Grace BonneyArtisanThe long-awaited home décor bible by the beloved design blogger “Thank you,” wrote a reader to Design*Sponge creator Grace Bonney, “for teaching me that houses don’t have to be frumpy and formal. They don’t have to be matchy-matchy or rigidly modern.” They can just be comfy and unique and reflect who you are, no matter how small your budget or space. That reader is one of the 75,000 unique daily visitors to Design*Sponge, who make it the most popular design site on the web. The site receives 250,000 pageviews every day and has 150,000 RSS subscribers and 280,000 followers on Twitter. Design*Sponge fans have been yearning for the ultimate design manual from their guru, Grace, and she has finally delivered with this definitive guide, which includes: • Home tours of 70 real-life interiors featuring artists and designers • Fifty DIY projects, with detailed instructions for personalizing your space • Step-by-step tutorials on everything from stripping and painting furniture to hanging wallpaper and doing your own upholstery • Fifty Before & After makeovers submitted by readers of Design*Sponge—real people with limited time and realistic budgets • Essential tips on modern flower arranging, with 20 arrangements With over 700 color photos and illustrations and projects that are customizable, relatable, and affordable, this is the democratizing design book everyone has been waiting for—and all for only $35.00! A Project from Design*Sponge at Home Bleach Pattern Tea Towels Adapted from DESIGN SPONGE AT HOME by Grace Bonney (Artisan Books). Copyright © 2011.Designers: Derek Fagerstrom and Lauren Smith Cost: $20 Time: 1 hour (plus drying time) Difficulty: 1 star (out of 5) Resist-dyeing, like batik or tie-dye, is a lot of fun, but can be a mess—especially for those of us completing projects at home. Design*Sponge editors Derek and Lauren discovered that bleaching a pattern onto pre-dyed fabric using a gel bleach pen is a much easier, cleaner way to achieve a similar effect on a limited budget. So the next time you pick up a bleach pen to work on your bathroom tiles, consider trying your hand at faux batik dyeing using inexpensive, colorful fabric. Materials: • 4 tea towels or cloth napkins • Plastic drop cloth or aluminum foil • Clorox Bleach Pen (2 pens should be enough for 4 towels) • Rubber gloves Instructions: 1. Protect your work surface with a plastic drop cloth or sheets of aluminum foil. Wear work clothes in case the pen brushes against you, and open your windows for ventilation. Lay the towels down on the work surface and draw patterns on the fabric with the bleach pen. We like the look of free-hand, slightly wavy lines, but you can also draw your desired pattern onto the fabric beforehand using tailor’s chalk and trace over it with the bleach pen. Let the finished towels sit for 30 minutes. 2. Wearing rubber gloves to protect your hands from the bleach, rinse the towels in cold water. It is very important to rinse off all the bleach in order to avoid smearing. 3. Let the towels dry, and give them a final wash before use. Camp SpongeBob (Ready-to-Read. Level 2) by Kim OstrowSimon Spotlight/NickelodeonSandy decides to open Bikini Bottom's very first summer camp and asks SpongeBob to be her assistant. But Spongebob goes overboard trying to make sure that their camp is the best camp ever! SpongeBob DetectivePants in the Case of the Vanished Squirrel (Nick Spongebob Squarepants (Simon Spotlight)) by David LewmanSimon Spotlight/NickelodeonSpongeBob DetectivePants and his faithful assistant Patrick PatrickPants are back! When Sandy suddenly goes missing, they are soon on the case to hunt down the evil squirrel-napper who stole their friend. With only a mysterious note and a trail of acorns to guide them, the investigators set off combing the town for more clues. And one thing’s for sure – they won’t rest until Sandy is safely back in Bikini Bottom – case closed! This hilarious mystery also contains one page of holographic stickers! Happy Birthday, SpongeBob! (Spongebob Squarepants Ready-To-Read: Level 1) by J-P ChandaSimon Spotlight/NickelodeonIt’s SpongeBob’s party, and he can celebrate if he
wants to! But where are the balloons, the cake, . . . or his
friends? Like SpongeBob, young readers are in for a
surprise as they join their favorite yellow sponge in this
Level 1 reader with rebus icons. Behold, No Cavities!: A Visit to the Dentist (Spongebob Squarepants) by Sarah WillsonSimon Spotlight/NickelodeonSpongeBob can't wait for his six-month checkup at the dentist! That morning he discovers that not only has Patrick never gone to the dentist, but he's never even brushed his teeth! SpongeBob calls his dentist and gets Patrick an appointment that same day. SpongeBob is expecting another cavity-free checkup and getting his name put up on the No Cavi-Tree again when he learns some horrifying news! Will Patrick's name replace SpongeBob's name on the No Cavi-Tree? Will SpongeBob ever be cavity-free again? SpongeBob Goes to the Doctor (Spongebob Squarepants) by Steven BanksSimon Spotlight/NickelodeonSpongeBob has come down with a bad case of the suds and he's afraid to go to the doctor. But when being sick means having to miss a day of work at the Krusty Krab, SpongeBob must face his fear. The Best Mom (Spongebob Squarepants Ready-to-Read) by Sarah WillsonSimon Spotlight/NickelodeonSpongeBob celebrates moms everywhere in this Level 2 Ready-to-Read story that's perfect for Mother's Day--and all year round! SpongeBob's Box of Books (Spongebob Squarepants) by VariousSimon Spotlight/NickelodeonAhoy there, mateys! Here's a boxful of treasure: six (count them, six!) rip-roaring 8 x 8 storybooks that you can take with you on all your seafaring -- and landlubbing -- adventures. And they're all ready to go in this handy carrying case with a handle. Included in this boxed set are: Hands Off! And the Winner Is... SpongeBob and the Princess Ice-Cream Dreams Bubble Blowers, Beware! The Great Snail Race SpongeBob DetectivePants: The Case of the Missing Spatula (Spongebob Squarepants) by David LewmanSimon Spotlight/NickelodeonSpongeBob SquarePants is excited to start another glorious day at his wonderful job, frying Krabby Patties at the Krusty Krab. But when SpongeBob discovers that his favorite spatula, Flipper, is missing, he resolves never to fry again until he finds out who stole it! Will SpongeBob ever make Krabby Patties again? Have fun with the holographic stickers while SpongeBob solves this mystery! SpongeBob Rocks! (Spongebob Squarepants Ready-to-Read) by Kelli ChipponeriSimon Spotlight/NickelodeonSponge Bob, Sandy, and Patrick have started a band, and no one can get enough of their new song, "Jumping Jellyfish"! But what happens when their instruments mysteriously disappear? Can the band think fast enough to save their big concert at the Poseidome? |
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